Basic Definitions and Components of
Sustainable Communities

Links provided in this section provide information about
what sustainable communities are, about the characteristics of sustainable
communities, and about the benefits of sustainable communities.

Beth E. Lachman. Linking Sustainable Community
Activities to Pollution Prevention:
http://www.rand.org/publications/MR/MR855/index.html
Includes
sections on defining sustainable communities and elements of sustainable
communities. American examples of sustainable community projects are
included. On-line bibliography of sources offered in areas such as built
environment and energy.

Developing Sustainable Communities: The Future is
Now:
http://www.sustainable.doe.gov/freshstart/articles/future.htm
This
site offers discussion about the benefits of sustainable communities and
principles that sustainable communities would adopt.

Five E's Unlimited:
http://www.esva.net/~sustainrwf/ee00059.htm
This
site provides information on sustainable development, including the
characteristics of a sustainable city; achieving sustainable communities,
sustainability education, and others. You may also subscribe to their free
on-line newsletter called Sustainability Review. The site has lots of
links related to sustainable urban development.

Florida Sustainable Communities Centre:

http://fcn.state.fl.us/fdi/
This
site offers definitions for sustainability, sustainable development, and
sustainable communities. If you go further into the site, you will find a
section called "Thoughts on Sustainability" that offer quotes from various
professionals on what a sustainable community is.

Hart Environmental Data:
http://www.subjectmatters.com/indicators/
This
site offers insight to sustainability indicators. It also provides
definitions about sustainability, sustainable development and sustainable
communities not just from the perspective of its own organization, but
from the perspective of others as well.

Institute for Sustainable Communities:

http://www.iscvt.org/FAQscdef.htm
In
the "Frequently Asked Questions" section, one can find information that
includes definitions of sustainable communities from a variety of
organizations and elements of a sustainable community.

Sustainable Communities Initiative:

http://web.uvic.ca/sci/
Definitions
for sustainable community. The discussion of what a sustainable community
is broken down into several components over a series of pages.

Sustainable Communities Resource Package:

http://www.web.net/ortee/scrp/index.html
Offers views by the
Sustainable Communities Working Group of the Ontario Round Table and
academics about what a sustainable community is, along with
characteristics / principles of a sustainable community. Articles featured
on this site also discuss barriers to sustainable community
development.

The City of Santa Monica Sustainable City
Program:
http://www.ci.santa-monica.ca.us/environment/INDEX.HTM
The
City of Santa Monica has provided information about composting, water
conservation tips, waste reduction tips, energy conservation, and links to
sustainable business sites, which provides valuable information for
sustainable living in the daily lives of the general public.

The Sustainable Village:
http://www.sustainable.buz.org/sustainable_projects_pages/
This
is a web page in Ireland that includes information about components to a
sustainable village.

Charter of European Cities and Towns Towards
Sustainability ( The Aalborg Charter):
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/
homepages/European_Sustainable_Cities/esctcaal.htm

The full text of the Charter of European Cities and Towns Towards
Sustainability approved in Aalborg, Denmark on 27 May, 1994.

Sustainable Cities:
http://www.rti.org/cid/scsummary.cfm
Camille
Cates Barnett and Francine Luloffs

Since the year 2000, for the
first time in history, half of the Earth's population lives in urban
areas. By the year 2015, there will be 27 cities over 10 million in
population, 22 of which will be in developing countries.

What will metropolitan regions be like in the years to
come?

How do cities overcome disparity and sprawl?

How do urban regions find ways of developing and
governing themselves that are sustainable -- that is, address present
needs for a stable economy, environment, and culture, but in a manner
that takes into consideration the needs of future generations as
well?

As stated in the United Nations City Summit Habitat
Agenda (Chapter I, June 1996, p. 1.), "There is a sense of great
opportunity and hope that a new world can be built, in which economic
development, social development and environmental protection as
interdependent and mutually reinforcing components of sustainable
development can be realized through solidarity and cooperation within and
between countries and through effective partnerships at all
levels."

Barriers to Implementing Sustainable
Urban Development

It should be noted that most of these links deal with
barriers to sustainability in Canada. However, discussion of many of these
barriers are applicable to other countries. The study on National and
Sub-National Obstacles to Local Agenda 21 provides additional barriers
from the perspectives of developing countries.

APEC Sustainable Cities Program of Action:
http://www.apecnetwork.org/cities_program.html
This
site offers information about barriers to sustainable urban development.
This site also covers topics from sustainable energy to sustainable
agriculture.

What's Stopping Sustainability: Jennie Moore:

http://newcity.ca/
Description
of barriers and suggested solutions to sustainable urban development.
Psychological / behavioural, institutional / regulatory and financial /
economic barriers are outlined.
Strategies for Overcoming Market and
Institutional Barriers to Sustainable Real Estate Development in Canada:
http://www.cip-icu.ca/99papers/alexander.htm: There is a description of
market, societal, political, regulatory, and informational barriers
explored.
Study on National Obstacles to Local Agenda 21: http://www.iclei.org/iclei/csd6rept.htm
Prepared
for the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. Market,
financial, regulatory, legal, jurisdictional, professional, and
sub-national barriers among others are explored. Numerous case studies are
examined from Canada, Tanzania, the United States, Brazil, Switzerland,
and more.

Sustainable Communities Resource Package:

http://www.web.net/ortee/scrp/index.html
Offers views by the
Sustainable Communities Working Group of the Ontario Round Table and
academics about what a sustainable community is, along with
characteristics / principles of a sustainable community. Articles featured
on this site also discuss barriers to sustainable community
development.

Youth Education Programmes about
Sustainable Urban Development

These sites target early education about sustainability
issues for youth.

Full Circle Institute:
http://www.fullcircleinstitute.org/
Site
that offers education on sustainable development for youth.

Learning for a Sustainable Future Online Module:

http://www.schoolnet.ca/vp-pv/learning/e/documents/cities/
A
non-profit organization that works with various educational systems in
Canada to provide basic information about sustainable communities at
primary levels. Thematic activities for the classroom are suggested. This
site offers an on-line journal called International Youth Magazine focused
on educating youth on issues relevant to sustainable urban development.
Information is available in English and French.

Research

These sites compile on-going research projects,
statistical databases, and databases of resources of useful organizations
that may provide research expertise.

Center for Human Settlements:
http://www.chs.ubc.ca/
The
Center for Human Settlements provides descriptions of ongoing projects
such as poverty reduction in Vietnam, democratic planning in Sri Lanka,
and water resource management in Beijing. Under each researcher profile
are lists of numerous publications in the area of sustainable urban
development.

DGXI - Sustainable Cities Programme:

http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg11/urban/home_en.htm

Funding and grant information is available. Several policy documents
on issues such as environmental assessment, education and awareness, air,
and waste are included. Several fact sheets and statistical databases are
available that monitor progress to such things as reducing emissions and
controlling waste.

European Databank on Sustainable
Development:
http://www.inesglobal.org/eudb/info/startpage.htm
The
organization is working on an internet data base listing institutions and
scientists in Europe concerned with the idea of sustainable development
and its implementation as well as providing information on their
performance profile and their specific working fields. The DataBank
project is expected to be completed in April 2001.

Indigo Development:
http://www.indigodev.com/Sustain.html
The
organization functions as a virtual think tank linking research and
development with both private and public sector applications. The site
discusses the benefits of industrial ecology and sustainable community
development. Provides general information about defining sustainable
communities and components of sustainable communities.

Intergovernmental Committee on Urban and Regional
Research:
http://www.icurr.org/icurr/
Research database available on
numerous topics related to sustainable urban development.

J Kropp's Webpage: Urbanism, Cities &
Sustainability Related Links:
http://www.pik-potsdam.de/~kropp/eco.html
Links are provided to
case studies of sustainable urban development, significant sustainable
development organizations, and a sustainable urban management simulation
program. It should be noted that the simulation program is a software
package that is developed with research and consultation to a specific
geographic region. It includes the concept of the ecological
footprint.

Statistics Canada:
http://www.statcan.ca/english/reference/servrs.htm
What's
relevant about this site is the links to international statistical sites
in Europe, North America, South America, Asia, and the Middle East, and
around the north. They are also in a few different languages. EUROSTAT and
OECD statistical links are also provided. Good for accessing links to
information on trends influencing sustainable urban
development.

Sustainable Community Development: Barriers and
Opportunities:
http://www.psu.edu/dept/ipre/barriers.html
This is a research
project site at Pennstate University.

Sustainable Development Research Institute:

http://www.sdri.ubc.ca/
You may
order or download Quest software that allows the user to create a future
where the viewer can see the consequences of selected policies on the
sustainability of the urban landscape. The site offers an international
internship program where Canadians are offered opportunities abroad with
international organizations and businesses to develop skills in their
fields. Updates of regional sustainable development case studies from
around the world are provided.

The Urban Climate Network:
http://www.urbanclimate.org/welcome.html
Student
research projects in the area of urban climatology are noted. An example
of such research includes, "The Effect of Urbanization on Temperatures in
Microclimates." The article database is an excellent source of research
completed on urban climates and design, air pollution, planning and urban
climatology, and more. Many of the upcoming events noted on their
conference listing page are directly related to urban sustainability
issues. Their links to urban climate modelling, education, urban heat
island studies, and cities and global climate change to various regions
around the world is excellent. You will find research on this site from
Sweden, Japan, Germany, Canada, the United States and more. Notable is the
First International Conference on Urban Regeneration and Sustainability:
THE SUSTAINABLE CITY, 25 - 27 April 2000 in Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil.

On-line Journals, Newsletters and
Database

Cambridge Journals On-line:
http://www.journals.cup.org/
Over
50 journals available on-line. Examples include Urban History, Continuity
and Change, Environmental Conservation, Environment and Development
Economics, Review of International Studies, and more.

Conservation Ecology:
http://www.consecol.org/Journal/
Peer-reviewed
journal available on-line. The journal seeks papers that are novel,
integrative and written in a way that is accessible to a wide audience
that includes an array of disciplines (biology, ecology, economics, and
the social sciences) concerned with an array of issues (conservation,
sustainability, development, and ecological policy).

Ecological Economics Journal:
http://www.elsevier.com
/inca/publications/store/5/0/3/3/0/5/index.htt?menu=cont
Specific
research areas cover topics such as ecologically integrated technology,
integrated ecologic-economic modelling at scales from local to regional to
global, renewable resource management and conservation, critical
assessments of the basic assumptions underlying current economic and
ecological paradigms and the implications of alternative assumptions,
integrating natural resources and environmental services into national
income and wealth accounts, methods of implementing efficient
environmental policies, case studies of economic-ecologic conflict or
harmony, etc.

Environmental Building News:
http://www.buildinggreen.com/
E-mail
discussion groups, sustainable design articles, "green buildings," and
plenty of suggestions for books and periodicals on issues related to
sustainable community development. There is also a good list of upcoming
conferences on environmental design. Most conferences, however, take place
in the United States and Canada with some conference listings for
conferences taking place in South Korea, Finland, the Netherlands, and
Mexico.

Interplan on the Web:
http://interplan.org/
Features articles include topics such as
maximizing participation in urban development, planning in Serbia,
immigration and world cities, and more.

New Internationalist:
http://www.oneworld.org/ni/issue313/contents.htm
On-line
journal that deals with different theme issues each month. For the month
of June 1999, the theme was "Green Cities."

Quarterly Journal of the Urban Design Group:

http://rudi.herts.ac.uk/ej/udq/udq.html
Many issues of the
journal deal more specifically with urban sustainability issues such as
urban design and conservation, involving local communities in urban
design, and sustainable urban design theme issues.

Sustainable Development International:

http://www.sustdev.org/
The journal
is distributed to 168 countries globally. Distribution targets key
individuals and organizations that influence decision making processes and
consumption that influences sustainable development. Lots of very
interesting projects, but web viewers will need to download acrobat to
read the articles. Lots of links to organizations in the areas of trade,
consumption, forestry, agriculture, and general sustainable development
sites including links to UN organizations.

Urban Age Magazine:
http://www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/urban/index.html
Features
articles looking at urban issues around the world.

Urban Design: The Quarterly Journal of the Urban
Design Group
http://rudi.herts.ac.uk/ej/udq/udq.html
A good on-line journal
that provides access to many back issues that discuss many aspects of
urban design and development, including sustainable urban design, local
participation, landscape architecture, conferences, and a lot more.
Examples of sustainable urban design from cities around the world are
discussed in each issue.

Urban Green File:
http://www.urbangreen.co.za/
An
on-line South African journal that reviews on-going projects in urban
development. Regular features posted on-line include opinion letters,
words about waste, green building, and more.

The International Journal of Urban Policy and
Planning:
http://www.elsevier.com/inca/publications/store/3/0/3/9/6/index.htt

Cities offers a comprehensive range of articles on all
aspects of urban policy. It provides an international and
interdisciplinary platform for the exchange of ideas and information
between urban planners and policy makers from national and local
government, non-government organizations, academia and
consultancy.

The primary aims of the journal are to analyse and assess
past and present urban development and management as a reflection of
effective, ineffective and non-existent planning policies; and the
promotion of the implementation of appropriate urban policies in both the
developed and the developing world.

Topics covered include: Housing, homelessness and health;
urban management; public-private sector cooperation; Third World
development and planning problems; urban regeneration; urban conservation
and design; technological innovation and urban planning; urban
transportation.

Each issue also features a profile of a major city.
Coverage includes a brief description of the city's historical
development, an account of comtemporary conditions, problems or issues,
and a critical review of recent or current policy, planning or management
responses.

Database on Good Practice in Urban Management and
Sustainability:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/urban/html/submit_case_form_en.htm
The
success of the database is dependent upon a critical mass of information.
Contributions are therefore encouraged and can be submitted on-line using
the Case Submission Form below. Please complete the form in
English.
For more information on how to use this form, consult the help
page.

Alternative Energy
Organizations

These sites explore the benefits, viability, and use of
alternative energy sources such as wind and solar energy.

Canadian Wind Energy Association:
http://www.canwea.ca/indexen.htm
This site offers interesting
quick facts about wind production. For example, "in Canada, the 18.9
megawatt wind generating plant on Cowley Ridge, Alberta produces more than
55,000,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year - enough for 6,800
typical Canadian homes. If this electricity is used to displace
coal-generated electricity, it avoids discharging about 55,000 tonnes of
carbon dioxide into the atmosphere annually." The site lists the status of
wind production plants in Canada, including their location. Lots of good
links to wind energy associations in Europe, North America, and South
Africa.

European Wind Energy Association:
http://www.ewea.org/
This
site offers some statistics on wind energy outputs for various regions in
Europe. There are general descriptions about how wind energy development
works. There are links to the American and Canadian associations of wind
energy and research groups.

Finnish Wind Energy Association:
http://www.tuulivoimayhdistys.fi/
There
is a map on this site showing the spatial distribution of wind mills in
Finland along with numerous statistics.

The South African Wind Energy Association:

http://www.icon.co.za/~sawea/
Wind
energy appears to be in the early phase of development in South Africa,
but this could be a good site to keep an eye on. Links are under
construction. You can access reports, newsletters, and publications about
the wind energy studies and potential from this site. Environmental
benefits are outlined. But there are no examples of communities feeding
off of wind energy yet.

Rocky Mountain Institute:
http://www.rmi.org/
The Rocky
Mountain Institute offers an on-line newsletter. You may also order
publications on-line. The Frequently Asked Questions feature is
particularly useful for people who want to learn more about recycling,
solar technology, and the latest techniques that improve energy efficiency
and efficient consumption of resources in daily life. The site also offers
tips about what sustainability is, and what citizens can do to control
rapid growth problems.

Sustainable Transportation

These sites explore the use of alternative modes of
transportation and more efficient transportation planning policies. In
some cases, strategies are explored for using incentives to reduce the use
of the automobile.

International Bicycle Fund:
http://www.ibike.org/
This
site offers instant translation in French, German, Italian, Portugese, and
Spanish. There are several short on-line articles such as "Polish Traffic
Laws Favor Cyclists," "Planning for Livability," "Full Costs
Transportation Planning," and a lot more. There are on-line bibliographies
for bicycle and non-motorized activities and policies. For many of these
publications, the site offers a direct link to a publishing company or web
site where you can access an on-line report or inquire about ordering the
publication.

Public Technology Inc:
http://www.pti.nw.dc.us/
If you go
into the research section on this site, you will find several publications
and on-line information about sustainable transportation systems for
communities. However, there is a European Case Study entitled:
"Intelligent Transportation Systems that Support Sustainable Mobility,"
which can be found at: http://www.pti.nw.dc.us/euro/sust.htm

Surface Transportation Policy Project:

http://www.transact.org/
STPP's
1999 European Study Tour includes lessons learned from Europe about
sustainable urban transportation.

Transportation Technologies for Sustainable
Communities:
http://www.transact.org/ttsc/REPORT.HTM
This site offers
reports and links related to the development of sustainable transportation
networks in communities.

Local Agenda 21s - Documents and
Programmes

Information and Communication Technology Use with
Local Agenda 21
Processes:
http://www.ictula.de/links.html
This is an excellent site with
numerous links to agenda 21 sustainable urban development initiatives
around the world. For example, there is a link to the Agenda 21 Stockholm,
Sweden which received a sustainable environmental award. Publications are
available to be downloaded on survey results of various European
communities in the local Agenda 21 process.

The Hague Local Agenda:
http://pubwww.tudelft.nl/denhaag/ukstart.html
Contains
information about transportation, sustainable housing, energy, and more
items related to sustainable urban development.

Sustainable Communities for the 21st Century: Why and
How to Prepare an Effective Local Agenda 21 Strategy:
http://www.environment.detr.gov.uk/sustainable/la21/policy/index.htm
Includes
a checklist of components of a sustainable society. Gives some pointers on
how to get started and what information needs to be included in order to
make it effective.

Study on National Obstacles to Local Agenda 21:

http://www.iclei.org/iclei/csd6rept.htm
Prepared
for the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives. Market,
financial, regulatory, legal, jurisdictional, professional, and
sub-national barriers among others are explored. Numerous case studies are
examined from Canada, Tanzania, the United States, Brazil, Switzerland,
and more.

Urban Design

These sites deal more specifically with how urban form
influences sustainability.

Cityscape Institute:
http://www.cityscapeinstitute.org/
This
site has excellent links to numerous institutes and organizations that
work on improving urban form. Most links are more directly linked to
organizations in the New York area.

Context Institute's Sustainable Culture Information
Service:
http://www.context.org/
The site
contains the Global Context guide which has a section on community design
that deals mostly with sustainability issues.

Energy and Climate in Desert Architecture:

http://www.bgu.ac.il/CDAUP/energy.html
Information
is aimed at educating how climate-responsive design can enhance human
thermal comfort in cities, while reducing the use of non-renewable
resources in desert environments. Topics for discussion include: urban
climate and open spaces, energy aspects of building aspects and
construction, and innovations in passive heating and cooling.

Sustainable Urban Design and Climate:

http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/environ/design/design.shtml
The
Bureau of Meteorology (Australia) discusses the influence that urban
design has on the climate and sustainability of cities. Benefits of
climate-responsive design are also discussed.

Multi-Disciplinary Projects and Case
Studies

John Snow, Inc.
JSI
Research and Training Institute:
http://www.jsi.com/home.html
Findings
from the Sub-Saharan Africa Urban Family Planning Study. The Centre for
African Family Studies, Nairobi, Kenya. The study sought to determine how
family planning service delivery programs in three African cities coping
with rapid urbanization could be made more efficient and effective. These
studies led to a full urban initiative under SEATS II, with refinements in
data collection, multisectoral team configurations, and applicability to
other social sectors important in urban areas.

Human Settlements:
http://www.oneworld.org/iied/human/index.html
Human Settlements Monitoring and researching urban issues in
the South. The programme's main interest is in reducing poverty and
improving health and housing conditions among the urban populations of
Latin America, Asia and Africa, especially among low income groups. The
programme also seeks to combine this with promoting more ecologically
sustainable patterns of urban development. Its work includes research,
evaluation, technical assistance, seminars, publications and, in recent
years, training and is carried out by a small team in London working with
researchers and activists based in cities in the South.

Managing the Environment Locally in Sub Sahran
Africa:
http://www.melissa.org
The Site for
Managing the Environment Locally in Sub Saharan Africa. It describes the
MELISSA programme, Local Environmental Actions Plans (LEAPS), and
Knowledge and Expertise Network (KERN). It also has news, lists partners
and contacts, and contains a glossary.

Canadian Urban Institute:
http://www.canurb.com/
This site
features a section on International Programs, with projects in Asia, North
America, Latin America, and Europe. Examples of municipal cooperation
programs exist between Canada and Hungary, the Baltic States, Bosnia,
Cuba, Paraguay, and others.

Centre of Excellence for Sustainable
Development:
http://www.sustainable.doe.gov/articles/develop.htm
Features an
article by Don Geis and Tammy Kutzmark that discusses the benefits of
sustainable urban development. The article provides examples of what
cities, such as Boulder and Portland, are doing to implement sustainable
urban development.

Cities Environment Report on the Internet:

http://www.ceroi.net/
There are
available reports for cities in Norway, Finland, Russia, the Czech
Republic, and South Africa. The reports represent community activities
towards crime, housing, air pollution, transportation issues, solid waste
management and more. They offer a template for cities to use in preparing
State of the Environment reports for their cities.

Climate Solutions - Practical Solution for Global
Warming:
http://climatesolutions.org/index2.html
There is a bicycle
commuter contest in the City of Olympia. Their clean energy programme and
incentives are under construction. There is a brief description about the
various sources of energy. There are some brief reports on the Kyoto
conference and the Northwest's Changing Climate. Some of these reports
offer more description about sustainable development issues in general but
do relate global warming problems back to the urban centre.

DGXI - Sustainable Cities Programme:

http://europa.eu.int/comm/dg11/urban/home_en.htm
Funding
and grant information is available. Several policy documents on issues
such as environmental assessment, education and awareness, air, and waste
are included. Several fact sheets and statistical databases are available
that monitor progress to such things as reducing emissions and controlling
waste.

European Academy of the Urban Environment:

http://www.eaue.de/Belfast.htm
Good
listing of upcoming workshops on sustainable urban development topics,
such as car free cities. Many are directly targeted at Hungary and other
countries that are candidates for new membership in the EU. You can order
many sustainable urban development topic publications on-line (mostly in
English and German). There is an on-line database where you can access
case study projects for cities all over Europe on topics such as
Organizing the Local Agenda 21 Process, Public Transport and Urban
Planning, and wind and solar energy studies. Each case study offers an
abstract and a more detailed description of the results to date. The links
are more directly relevant to Europe.

European Sustainable City Award:
http://www.ccre.org/dur_an.html
There is a brief description of
the reasons various cities received this award either through public
participation in urban governance or enhanced public awareness or through
regulations etc.

Network of Urban Forums for Sustainable
Development:
http://www.urban.nl/p_forums/index.htm
This is a network of
European communities that have public awareness and
cooperation
projects that focus on air quality, water management issues, and
sustainable transportation. There are brief descriptions of each cities
contribution to the projects with contact information provided for further
follow up.

OneWorld Online: The City
http://www.oneworld.org/guides/thecity/index.html
A
list of book publications is available on site. The Best Practice section
displays case studies from around the world on projects and policies
related to urban sustainability issues. London's footprint looks at the
amount of resources needed to maintain the city.

The Sustainability Institute:
http://www.sustainer.org/
Links to
Cobb Hill Cohousing project with very recent updates for spring 2000
activities.

http://www.sn.apc.org/nurcha/
The South
African Government of National Unity has given high priority to housing
development as part of the Reconstruction and Development Programme. The
National Urban Reconstruction and Housing Agency has been established as a
Presidential Lead Project to fill a critical niche in Housing Development
in South Africa over the next five to ten years.

Resource Centre on Urban Agriculture and
Forestry:
http://www.ruaf.org/
The aim of
RUAF is to facilitate integration of Urban Agriculture in the policies and
plans of city authorities and to facilitate the formulation of projects on
urban agriculture with active involvement of all local stakeholders. The
duration of RUAF is five years, which started in October 1999. A midterm
review will take place in the third year of the Programme.RUAF will also
closely co-operate with existing and new regional networks on urban
agriculture: Red de Investigación en Agricultura Urbana para America
Latina y America Central (AGUILA), the Network on Urban Agriculture in
East and Southern Africa, Reseau Francophone en Agriculture Urbaine pour
l'Afrique de l'Ouest et du Centre, and others.

International Organizations for
Sustainable Urban Development

These are major organizations with an international
outreach capacity with their activities.

The Rural Development Services Network:
http://www.rdsn.org.za/profile/index.htm
RDSN, as a network of independent rural development
organisations aims to contribute to the eradication of poverty and the
empowerment of rural people through campaigning networking, collaborating
and by building a wider and stronger membership base.

The Insternational Council for
Local Environmental Initiatives:
http://www.iclei.org/
ICLEI is the
international environmental agency for local governments. ICLEI's mission
is to build and serve a worldwide movement of local governments to achieve
tangible improvements in global environmental and sustainable development
conditions through cumulative local actions.

European Centre for Development Policy
Management:
http://ecdpm.org
The Centre is an independent foundation whose capacity building
activities aim to improve cooperation between Europe and countries in
Africa, the Caribbean, and the Pacific.

The International Network for Urban
Development:
http://www.inta-aivn.org/
INTA is an
international network that encourages the exchange of information,
experience and best practices on urban development and renewal across the
world.

The Sustainable Cities Programme (SCP)
http://www.unchs.org/scp/
The
Sustainable Cities Programme (SCP) is a joint UNCHS/UNEP programme. It
works towards the development of a sustainable urban environment, building
capacities in urban environmental planning and management, and promoting a
broad-based participatory process. The programme, headquartered in
Nairobi, Kenya, was established in 1990. Today, the Sustainable Cities
Programme is active in China, Chile, Egypt, Ghana, India, Malawi, Nigeria,
the Philippines, Poland, Russia, Senegal, Tanzania, Tunisia, Zambia and
Zanzibar. National level activities are taking place in Chile, Egypt,
Nigeria and Tanzania. Preparatory activities are underway in Gaza, Haiti,
Indonesia, Jordan, the Lebanon, Mozambique, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. At the
global level the programme facilitates the exchange of experience and
know-how. It captures lessons of experience, creating environment planning
and management tools, and disseminates information through publications,
websites and newsletters.

The Global Urban Observatory
(GUO):
http://www.urbanobservatory.org/
The Global Urban Observatory (GUO) is a system of capacity
building programmes and resources to help Governments, local authorities
and their partner groups to monitor progress in implementing the Habitat
Agenda and to expand the base of knowledge for better urban
policy.

The Wolrd Bank Group:
http://www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/urban
The Africa Region of the World Bank has identified urban
productivity as a key issue for sustainable poverty reduction in Africa,
and one that merits comprehensive research. This research seeks to promote
productivity, growth and welfare by helping identify the policies and
infrastructure needed for African cities to play their role as nexus of
growth. The Africa region is experiencing the fastest rate of urbanization
in the world, yet it is not accompanied by economic growth as has taken
place in other developing regions. As more and more African countries
achieve some success in macro fundamentals, it is urgent to identify
concomitant micro policies and measures that promote growth and
sustainable poverty reduction.

ACC Network on Rural
Development and Food Security:
http://www.accnetwork.net/
The ACC
Network on Rural Development and Food Security brings together main
development partners for focused and coordinated action at the country
level.

The African Environmental Research and Consulting
Group (AERCG):
http://WWW.AFRICAENVIRO.ORG/
The African Environmental
Research and Consulting Group (AERCG) is a consortium of professionals
working towards improving the quality of life in Africa and the rest of
the world through environmental hazard mitigation.

Habitat - United Nations Centre for Human
Settlements:
http://www.unhabitat.org/

Best Practices and Local Leadership
Programme:
http://www.unhabitat.org/blp/index.html
and http://www.bestpractices.org/
A
database of projects, programs, and policies working to solve
sustainability issues. One must subscribe to gain full access to the
database. Information about the Dubai International Award for Best
Practices in Improving the Living Environment, including past recipients,
and other sustainable development awards is available.

Sustainable Cities Programme:
http://www.unchs.org/scp/

Human Settlements - UN Division for Sustainable
Development:
http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/hsd.htm
Project portfolios for
numerous countries in areas such as energy planning and management are
available. There is also a link to Chapter 7 of Agenda 21 (Human
Settlements):
http://www.un.org/esa/sustdev/agenda21chapter7.htm

Institute for Sustainable Communities:

http://www.iscvt.org/FAQscdef.htm
This
organization has projects in numerous countries including Hungary,
Ukraine, Slovakia, Poland, Japan and more. In the "Frequently Asked
Questions" section, one can find information that includes definitions of
sustainable communities from a variety of organizations and elements of a
sustainable community.

European Academic of the Urban
Environment:
http://www.eaue.de/
The European Academy
of the Urban Environment is aiming to encourage exchange of experience
amongst local government decision makers in all spheres of sustainable
urban development by means of conferences, seminars and workshops;
publications; SURBAN, the database on good; practice in urban development;
supporting the CEM-network of Central; European Metropolises.

International Centre for Sustainable Cities:

http://www.icsc.ca/
The site features
descriptions of projects between the ICSC and partners in Canada, India,
China, Poland, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Issues addressed
in these projects range from solid waste management, local capacity
building, composting to growth management. An on-line newsletter features
stories about sustainable urban development projects. This includes
information about the accomplishments and updates of each
project.

International Council for Local Environmental
Initiatives:
http://www.iclei.org/
Energy facts
factsheets are especially interesting for anyone who wants to learn more
about the costs of subsidizing unsustainable urban development
patterns.

Cities21:
http://www.iclei.org/cities21/index.htm

"Local Sustainability," the European Good Practice
Information Service:
http://cities21.com/europractice/
This
site offers an electronic library of policies and documents related to
European local sustainability issues. While most of the documents are in
English, some are also available in German, French, Swedish, Portugese,
Latvian, and numerous other languages. Charter of European Cities and
Towns Towards Sustainability (Aalborg Charter 1994), Towards Local
Sustainability in Central and Eastern Europe The Sofia Statement, and
Steps Towards Green Procurement in European Local Authorities are some of
the documents available on-line.

European Sustainable Cities and Towns
Campaign:
http://www.iclei.org/europe/suscam.htm
Promotes sustainable
urban policies and development through the local Agenda 21 process, and
through the exchange of information and experiences among
partners.

African Sustainable Cities
Network:
http://www.iclei.org/la21/ascn/index.cfm
Promotes
the exchange of information and expertise to implement sustainable
development policies. Partner countries have links to their pages. ICLEI
LA21 web conferencing is also available.

Cities Expo:
http://cities-expo.com/
Join
townhall discussions on issues such as urban management, green purchasing,
and exchange of information.

International Healthy Cities
Foundation:
http://www.healthycities.org/

The foundation provides documents, such as Complex City on-line that
outline the role of key players such as the media, planners, doctors,
environmentalists, and families in creating healthy, sustainable
communities. Another document discusses the role of universities in
promoting health to students and the community through an outreach
program, along with health research. A discussion forum is under
construction.

WHO Europe -Center for Urban Health / Healthy Cities
Project:
http://www.who.dk/healthy-cities/

International Institute for Environment and
Development: Human Settlements Programme
http://www.oneworld.org/iied/human/index.html
This organization
provides research, evaluation, training, seminars, and publications
designed to focus efforts to reduce poverty and improve health and housing
conditions in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. You may link to order
issues of the journal called Environment and Urbanization from this site.
Both issues in 1999 dealt with healthy and sustainable cities.

International Institute for Sustainable Development:

http://www.iisd.ca/
Project initiatives
in Canada, Mexico, and Pakistan for working on the theoretical basis of
measuring sustainable development indicators. A sample of case study
reports on line include the European Pressure Index - Eurostat, the
European Union and Community Level Sustainability Assessment in Dasudi,
India. The section on Communities and Livelihoods has lots of information
on adapting to sustainability. Of particular interest is the database of
sustainability literature and how to guides called Sustainability Toolkits
for Communities.

International Institute for the Urban Environment:

http://www.urban.nl/
The site offers
descriptions of projects in areas such as sustainable architecture, waste
management, groundwater quality and more. Most projects are in Europe.
There is a section that publicizes recent book publications in the area of
sustainable urban management.

International Urban Development Association:

http://www.inta-aivn.org/
The
International Network for Urban Development is a non-profit organization
that offers a team of experts to provide advice on development projects. A
list of projects advised by their Development Advisory Panel is on-line. A
list of publications on urban sustainability is available to be ordered
on-line. Publications are available in hard copy or diskette form.
Information and dates of upcoming seminars on urban regeneration is
available.

Urban Environmental Management:
http://www.gdrc.org/uem/
Lots of
links to journals and newsletters. There are numerous links to Local
Agenda 21 initiatives around the world. Statistics that Teach is an
interesting feature that can examine the ecological footprint impacts on
cities. There are numerous on-line articles and country specific documents
for countries such as Equador, Chile, China, and Norway. On-line
bibliographies are also available. Lots of links and information on
sustainable transportation, urban waste management, capacity building and
more.

Urban Development - The World Bank
Group:
http://www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/urban/index.html
This
site offers an on-line journal called Urban Age Magazine that features
articles looking at urban issues around the world. You may also download
the document entitled "Cities in Transition." Upcoming conferences on
sustainability issues around the world are listed in the events section.
Upcoming educational programs are also listed. There are thematic groups
that are working on urban sustainability issues in Central and Eastern
Europe.

The World Bank: The Urban Development Challenge:
Putting People First:
http://www.worldbank.org/html/extdr/twurd/challeng.htm
This
section offers a brief recollection of events and challenges faced by the
sustainable urban development movement.

World Resources Institute: World Resources 1996-97,
The Urban Environment
http://www.wri.org/wri/wr-96-97/96tocful.html
World
Resources 1996-1997: the Urban Environment looks at issues related to
sustainable urban development including sprawl, poverty, waste,
transportation problems, air pollution, resources consumption, and more.
There is a listing of upcoming conferences and seminars on the home page.
The section of regional resources offers environmental data for countries
around the world. This includes a look at resource consumption patterns
and treaties ratified by individual countries.

Worldwatch Institute:
http://www.worldwatch.org/
The
site offers highlights from their Worldwatch Magazine. The feature
"Alerts" offers updates on the latest trends and research in sustainable
development. You may also order on-line datasets on topics such as per
capita consumption patterns, population growth trends, transportation
patterns, and emission trends.

Upcoming Workshops and
Conferences

Forum: Habitat in Developing Countries:
http://obelix.polito.it/forum/welcome.htm
Forum: Habitat in Developing Countries is an internet resource
aimed at providing information to researchers and professionals working
for the improvement of the built environment in developing countries, and
at facilitating communications among them.

European Academy of the Urban Environment:

http://www.eaue.de/Belfast.htm
Good
listing of upcoming workshops on sustainable urban development topics,
such as car free cities. Many are directly targeted at Hungary and other
countries that are candidates for new membership in the EU.

International Institute for Environment and
Development: Human Settlements Programme:
http://www.oneworld.org/iied/human/index.html
This organization
provides research, evaluation, training, seminars, and publications
designed to focus efforts to reduce poverty and improve health and housing
conditions in Asia, Latin America, and Africa.

Urban Development - The World Bank
Group:
http://www.worldbank.org/html/fpd/urban/index.html
Upcoming
conferences and educational programs on sustainability issues around the
world are listed in the events section.

World Resources Institute:
http://www.wri.org/
World
Resources 1996-1997: the Urban Environment looks at issues related to
sustainable urban development including sprawl, poverty, waste,
transportation problems, air pollution, resources consumption, and more.
There is a listing of upcoming conferences and seminars on the home page.

Pratt Institute Center for Community and Environmental
Development
http://www.picced.org/advocacy/poverty.htm
Pratt Institute Center for Community and Environmental
Development Urban Poverty - The Global Phenomenon of Poverty and Social
Marginalization in our Cities.

Stockholm Partnerships for
Sustainable Cities

Basic Definitions and Components of
Sustainable Communities

Barriers to Implementing Sustainable Urban
Development

Youth Education Programmes about
Sustainable Urban Development

Research

On-line Journals, Newsletters and
Database

Alternative Energy
Organizations

Sustainable
Transportation

Local Agenda 21 Documents and
Programmes

Urban Design

Multi-Disciplinary Projects and Case
Studies

International Organizations for Sustainable
Urban Development

Upcoming Workshops and
Conferences